FORT MYERS, Fla. — Every time you drive to the grocery store, head to work, or pull into your house of worship, you are likely being digitally "fingerprinted."
Across Southwest Florida, law enforcement agencies are rapidly expanding a high-tech surveillance web, spending millions in taxpayer dollars on a system they claim is a "game changer" for catching criminals. But as the network grows, so do the voices of privacy advocates who warn that the everyday movements of innocent citizens are being tracked without their knowledge or consent.
At Church United in Naples, Pastor David Jacinto is focused on providing a spiritual sanctuary. However, the perimeter of his church is now guarded by an automated license plate reader supported by Flock Safety.
"With school shootings happening seemingly at places that are well protected... it created a heightened sense of awareness," Jacinto said.
Flock Safety provides Automated License Plate Readers (ALPRs) that do more than just snap a photo; they log the make, model, and even specific identifiers of every vehicle that passes.
In Collier County alone, records obtained by WINK Investigates show the Sheriff’s Office signed a contract in 2024 worth over $1.3 million for more than 80 cameras.
While the cameras are popping up on neighborhood poles and intersections, their exact locations remain a mystery. WINK Investigates filed records requests with the Sheriff’s Offices in Lee, Charlotte, and Collier counties to determine where these cameras are installed.
All three agencies denied the request, stating the information is exempt from public disclosure.
"Essentially, a parallel infrastructure is being built... managed and operated by corporate entities like Flock," says independent researcher Cris Van Pelt. "Police can basically pull anyone's location history for the past 30 days without a warrant or reason. To me, that feels pretty invasive."
Flock, however, disputes the idea of a "transparency gap." The company told WINK Investigates that it does not claim deployment plans are proprietary and maintains that local agencies own their data and can choose to disclose locations at their discretion.
The alleged lack of transparency led Van Pelt to create the website "Have-I-Been-Flocked," a database built from license plate information he says multiple police departments failed to redact in audit logs.
He said Flock has accused him of "police doxxing" and is attempting to shut the site down, but Van Pelt calls it a necessary move for public transparency.
He isn't the only one finding cracks in the system. YouTuber Benn Jordan recently went viral after demonstrating how "open" this data can be to those with technical skills.
"I wouldn’t even call it hacking," Jordan said. "I just found open cameras on the internet that gave me administrative abilities... to view footage from the last 31 days, or even delete it."
Despite the privacy concerns, many residents feel the trade-off is worth it.
Chris Brenner, a Marco Island resident and 41-year public safety veteran, says the cameras provide peace of mind.
"If you’ve done nothing wrong, what are you worried about? If it can help one person be found, or take one bad guy off the streets, so be it."
The debate over privacy violations reached a boiling point in 2022, when three Marco Island residents sued the city, alleging that the constant data collection by License Plate Readers constituted an "unreasonable search" under the Fourth Amendment.
While a judge dismissed that case last year, the legal battle has moved to the appeals court.
The surveillance network shows no signs of slowing down. As more contracts are signed and more cameras are mounted, the balance between public safety and personal privacy remains a moving target.
At Church United in Naples, Jacinto told us he has faith, the devices will keep his congregation safer.
"We think the benefits outweigh the risks," Jacinto said.
WINK Investigates will continue to track the expansion of this technology and the legal challenges following it.
